【单选题】
(4)Which of the following is the best way of studying pharmacology for medical students and practitioners?___
A. to have a broad botanical knowledge
B. to select a plant and its preparation
C. to have the ability to purify natural plants
D. to have curiosity that stimulates them to learn about sources of drugs
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答案
D
解析
暂无解析
相关试题
【单选题】
(5)What are the tasks related to medicines almost complete!y delegated to the pharmacists now?___
A. the physical and chemical properties of medicines
B. the preparing, compounding, and dispensing of medicines
C. dosage forms of medicines available
D. the therapeutic and other uses of medicines
【单选题】
(6) What is a main unique aspect of pharmacodynamics?___
A. Pharmacodynamics is an experimental medical science
B. Pharmacodynamics is focused on the characteristics of drugs
C. Pharmacodynamics borrows freely from both the subject matter and the experimenta techniques of physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pathology
D. Pharmacodynamics correlates the entire field of preclinical medicine
【单选题】
7) What time of history does pharmacodynamics date back to?___
A. the second half of the seventeenth century
B. the second half of the eighteenth century
C. the second half of the nineteenth century
D. the second half of the twentieth century
【单选题】
8)What does the research on pharmacodynamics focus on?___
A. study of clinical effect of drugs
B. study of the process of drugs in the body
C. study of the effect and the mechanism of drugs on the body
D. study of the correlation of the actions and effects of drugs with their chemical structure
【单选题】
(9)Which of the following is true when drugs are selected?___
A. It has to be based in part on legal reasons.
B. It has to be based in part on ethical reasons.
C. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in man
D. It has to be based in part on the pharmacological evaluation in animals
【单选题】
(10)Why are chemotherapeutic agents useful in therapy?___
A. They stimulate or depress biochemical or physiological function in man in a sufficiently reproducible manner to provide relief of symptoms or, ideally, to alter favorably the course of disease
B. They can produce desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects
C. They have only minimal effects on man but can destroy or eliminate parasites
D. The selectivity of their effects is one of their most important characteristics
【单选题】
1)H. Mario Geysen initially used parallel synthesis as a quick way to identify which small_____ of any given large protein bound to an antibody.___
A. division
B. pieces
C. part
D. fragment
【单选题】
2)Chemists often start a combinatorial synthesis by attaching the first set of building blocks_____ to microscopic beads made of polystyrene.___
A. solid
B. inert
C. soft
D. active
【单选题】
3)The chemical reactions required to link compounds to the beads and later to detach them____ to the synthesis proces.___
A. induce complications
B. make easy
C. introduce complications
D. introduce easy
【单选题】
4)In a parallel synthesis, all the products are_____ separately in their own reaction vessels.___
A. combined
B. assembled
C. joined
D. assorted
【单选题】
(5)In many laboratories today, robots assist with the routine work of parallel synthesis, such as small___ amounts of reactive molecules into the appropriate wells.___
A. sending
B. transporting
C. delivering
D. giving
【单选题】
(6)Scientists can pull out from the mixture the beads that bear biologically active molecules and then,using sensitive detection techniques,___ the molecular makeup of the compound attached.___
A. determine
B. make sure
C. find
D. search
【单选题】
(7)Most pharmaceutical companies today continue to___ parallel synthesis. Which of the following is not appropriate to be filled in the blank?___
A. count in
B. count on
C. depend on
D. rely on
【单选题】
(8)Once they identify a promising substance, they___ make many one-at-a-time modifications to the structure.___
A. laboriously
B. hardly
C. easy
D. effectively
【单选题】
(9)Often these procedures yield a compound having acceptable___ and safety.___
A. strength
B. effect
C. potency
D. effort
【单选题】
10)In many laboratories today, robots___ the routine work of parallel synthesis.___
A. help
B. assist with
C. assist in
D. assist to
【单选题】
(1)Pharmaceutics is an interdisciplinary subject involving___
A. formulation, manufacturing, physical pharmacy, and biopharmaceutics
B. manufacturing
C. physical pharmacy
D. biopharmaceutics
【单选题】
(2)Formulation is about the design, development and evaluation of dosage forms,___
A. discovery of novel drugs
B. analytical methods
C. drug delivery systems and manufacturing process
D. dosing regimen
【单选题】
(3)Biopharmaceutics mainly studies the in vivo process of drugs and metabolites in humans, animals and tissue culture, which specifically involves___
A. absorption and distribution
B. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
C. metabolism and excretion
D. absorption and excretion
【单选题】
(4)Regarding the definition of bioavailability(BA), BA is related to___
A. total plasma drug concentration only
B. unbound drug concentration in the plasma
C. unbound drug concentration at the target site
D. total plasma drug concentration, and the administered drug dose
【单选题】
(5)Plasma drug concentration is affected by following factors such as___
A. rate of absorption
B. rate and extent of distribution
C. rate ofeli Imination
D. all ofabove
【单选题】
6)Which of the following routes of administration will involve the absorption of drugs?___
A. i.v.injection
B. i.v.infusion
C. Subcutaneous injection, transdermal and oral
D. None of above
【单选题】
(7)Which of the following factors may influence the time course of a drug in the plasma and hence at its site of action?___
A. Food
B. Disease state
C. Route of administration
D. All of above
【单选题】
(8)Please identify the potential biological barriers for an orally administered tablet to be absorbed into the systemic circulation___
A. Sk d dermis
B. Gastrointestinal epithelium
C. Oral mucosal membrane
D. All of above
【单选题】
(9) Given the same administration dose, which of the following will likely result in varying bioavailabilities for the same drug administered to the same person? ___
A. tablets (p.o. )vs. solutions(p0.)
B. solutions for injection(i v )vs oral solutions(p0.)
C. coated tablets (p.0. )vs hard gelatin capsules(p0.)
D. All ofabove
【单选题】
(10)Which of the following statements is true?___
A. Bioavailability is only related to the administered dose and the total drug concentration in the blood circulation.
B. Plasma protein binding does not affect the bioavailability of a specific drug.
C. A given drug in different dosage forms may show differences in bioavailability if given by the same route.
D. Biopharmaceutical studies do not involve animal experiment.
【判断题】
Much of our present physiological knowledge has been found from the experiments and studies on human beings.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
Living cells break down glucose and fats to provide energy for other activities, which is called.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
The right atriapumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it absorbs oxygen from the air.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information very rapidly to specific cells.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
With the level of sodium increasing extracelular fruid. the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
A negative feedback loop is a control system that acts to maintain the level of some variables within a given range following a disturbance
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
(1)Pharmacodynamics, which is concerned with the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, Is an experimental medical science.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
2)It's unreasonable for a physician to be interested mainly in the effects of drugs on human beings, for the pharmacological evaluation of drugs in them may be limited due to technical, legal, and ethical reasons.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
(3) As the effects of drugs are often characterized by significant interspecies variation and may be further modified by disease, clinical pharmacology has never been efibrasized.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
The physician is not interested in drugs that are useful in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human disease, but in chemical agents that are commonly responsible for household and industrial poisoning as well as environmental pollution.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
(5)A drug is said to be useful in therapy if it has the ability to produce its desired effects with only tolerable undesired effects.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
(6)Toxicology deals not only with drugs used in therapy but also with many other chemicals that may be responsible for household, environmental, or industrial intoxication.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
1)With the more efficient screening tests and burgeoning knowledge about how a molecules biological activities are likely to be changed, the traditional approach of discovering new drugs has been improved.
A. 对
B. 错
【判断题】
2)With the parallel synthesis used to identify which small segment of any given large protein would bind to an antibody, Mario Geysen generated a variety of short protein fragments by combining multiple amino acids in different permutations.
A. 对
B. 错
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【单选题】
运行途中,遇列车无线调度通信设备发生故障时,列车应___报告。
A. 立即停车
B. 在前方站停车
C. 前方停车站
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单机在自动闭塞区间被迫停在调谐区内,当具备移动条件时司机须先将机车移动不少于___m。
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
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遇天气恶劣,信号机显示距离不足___ m时,司机或车站值班员须立即报告列车调度员,列车调度员应及时发布调度命令,改按天气恶劣难以辨认信号的办法行车。
A. 200
B. 400
C. 1000
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在汛期暴风雨中行车,当列车通过防洪重点地段时,司机要___,并随时采取必要的安全措施。
A. 加强瞭望
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列车运行途中遇有落石、倒树等障碍物危及行车安全时,司机应___,排除障碍并确认安全无误后,方可继续运行。
A. 加强瞭望
B. 按规定限速运行
C. 立即停车
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双管供风旅客列车运行途中发生双管供风设备故障或用单管供风机车救援接续牵引,需改为单管供风时,双管改单管作业应在___进行。
A. 区间停车
B. 运行途中
C. 站内
【单选题】
旅客列车在区间发生故障需双管改单管供风时,由车辆乘务员通知司机向列车调度员(车站值班员)提出在前方站停车处理的请求,并通知司机以不超过___km/h速度运行至前方站。
A. 120
B. 140
C. 160
【单选题】
四显示自动闭塞区段通过显示绿黄色灯光的信号机时,要求列车以在前方___信号机前能停车的速度运行。
A. 第一架
B. 第二架
C. 第三架
【单选题】
列车通过减速地点标时的限制速度为标明的速度,未标明时为___km/h。
A. 15
B. 25
C. 45
【单选题】
列车接入站内尽头线时,自进入该线起速度不得超过___km/h。
A. 15
B. 20
C. 30
【单选题】
在自动闭塞区段,当接车进路信号机不能使用时,列车凭___越过。
A. 路票
B. 绿色许可证
C. 引导信号
【单选题】
在半自动闭塞区段,当接车进路信号机不能使用时,列车凭___越过。
A. 路票
B. 半自动闭塞发车进路通知书
C. 引导信号
【单选题】
在自动闭塞区段,当进站信号机不能使用时,列车凭___进站。
A. 路票
B. 绿色许可证
C. 引导信号
【单选题】
在半自动闭塞区段,当进站信号机不能使用时,列车凭___进站。
A. 路票
B. 半自动闭塞发车进路通知书
C. 引导信号
【单选题】
引导接车时,列车以不超过___km/h速度进站,并做好随时停车的准备。
A. 20
B. 30
C. 60
【单选题】
装有进路表示器的出站信号机,当该表示器不良时,由办理发车人员___后,列车凭出站信号机的显示出发。
A. 发给司机调度命令
B. 发给司机绿色许可证
C. 通知司机
【单选题】
已请求救援时,从救援列车开来方面(不明时,从列车前后两方面),距离列车___处放置响墩防护。
A. 不小于300m
B. 不小于800m
C. 按线路最大速度等级规定的列车紧急制动距离位置
【单选题】
列车在区间被迫停车后,对于邻线上妨碍行车地点,应从两方面___处防护,如确知列车开来方向时,仅对来车方面防护。
A. 不小于300m
B. 不小于800m
C. 按线路最大速度等级规定的列车紧急制动距离位置
【单选题】
列车运行途中司机发现客车车辆轮轴故障、车体下沉(倾斜)、车辆剧烈振动等危及行车安全的情况时,须立即采取停车措施,停车后由___负责检查处理。
A. 机车乘务员
B. 车辆乘务员
C. 车站(助理)值班员
【单选题】
遇有施工引导接车并正线通过时,准许列车司机凭特定引导手信号的显示,以不超过___ km/h速度进站。
A. 20
B. 30
C. 60
【单选题】
进站预告信号机以显示___信号为定位。
A. 进行
B. 注意
C. 停车
【单选题】
进站信号机均以显示___信号为定位。
A. 进行
B. 注意
C. 停车
【单选题】
引导信号应在列车___越过信号机后及时关闭。
A. 第一轮对
B. 头部
C. 全部
【单选题】
出站信号机的灯光熄灭、显示不明或显示不正确时,均视为___信号。
A. 停车
B. 进行
C. 注意
【单选题】
进站预告信号机灯光熄灭时,视为进站信号机显示为___信号。
A. 停车
B. 进行
C. 注意
【单选题】
三显示自动闭塞区段的进站色灯信号机显示一个绿色灯光时,表示出站及进路信号机在___,进路上的道岔均开通直向位置。
A. 开放状态
B. 关闭状态
C. 无显示状态
【单选题】
四显示自动闭塞区段的进站色灯信号机显示一个黄色闪光和一个黄色灯光,准许列车经过18号及以上道岔___位置,进入站内越过次一架已经开放的信号机。
A. 侧向
B. 直向
C. 正向
【单选题】
进站信号机的引导信号显示一个红色灯光和一个月白色灯光时,列车进站的速度不超过___km/h,并须准备随时停车。
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
【单选题】
半自动闭塞区段,出站色灯信号机显示___灯光,准许列车由车站出发,开往次要线路。
A. 一个绿色
B. 两个绿色
C. 一个月白色
【单选题】
三显示自动闭塞区段,出站色灯信号机显示一个___灯光,准许列车由车站出发,表示运行前方有一个闭塞分区空闲。
A. 绿色
B. 黄色
C. 月白色
【单选题】
三显示自动闭塞区段的发车进路色灯信号机显示一个___灯光,准许列车运行到次一架信号机之前准备停车。
A. 月白色
B. 黄色
C. 绿色
【单选题】
三显示自动闭塞区段通过色灯信号机显示一个绿色灯光,准许列车按规定速度运行,表示运行前方至少有___闭塞分区空闲。
A. 一个
B. 两个
C. 三个
【单选题】
四显示自动闭塞区段的通过色灯信号机比三显示自动闭塞区段的通过色灯信号机多了___灯光的显示方式。
A. 两个绿色
B. 两个黄色
C. 一个绿色和一个黄色
【单选题】
四显示自动闭塞区段,通过色灯信号机显示一个___灯光,要求列车减速运行,按规定限速要求越过该信号机,表示运行前方有一个闭塞分区空闲。
A. 红色
B. 黄色
C. 绿色
【单选题】
四显示自动闭塞区段,通过色灯信号机显示一个绿色灯光和一个黄色灯光,准许列车按规定速度运行,要求注意准备减速,表示运行前方有___个闭塞分区空闲。
A. 一
B. 两
C. 三
【单选题】
容许信号显示一个___灯光——准许列车在通过色灯信号机显示红色灯光的情况下不停车,以不超过20 km/h的速度通过,运行到次一架通过信号机,并随时准备停车。
A. 绿色
B. 黄色
C. 蓝色
【单选题】
预告色灯信号机(不含遮断信号机的预告信号机)显示一个___灯光, 表示主体信号机在关闭状态。
A. 绿色
B. 黄色
C. 红色
【单选题】
当进站信号机开放一个绿色灯光和一个黄色灯光时,其接近信号机将会显示___灯光。
A. 一个绿色
B. 一个黄色灯光
C. 一个绿色灯光和一个黄色灯光
【单选题】
调车色灯信号机显示一个___灯光时,准许越过该信号机调车。
A. 月白色
B. 红色
C. 蓝色
【单选题】
驼峰色灯信号机显示一个红色闪光灯光,指示机车车辆自驼峰___。
A. 下峰
B. 退回
C. 停车