【判断题】
允许温升是由最高允许温度减去最高环境温度而得。
A. 对
B. 错
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环火是指牵引电动机正负电刷之间被强烈的大电弧所短路。
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牵引缓冲装置的用途是将机车与车辆连接或分离,在运行中传递牵引力,缓和及衰减牵引力与制动力的变化,具有连接、牵引和缓冲的作用。
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在电机火化等级分类中的1级、1¼级 1½级均为持续运行中无害的火花。
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在电刷的整个边缘有强烈的火花,同时有大火花飞出。换向器上严重发黑,用汽油不能擦掉,而且电刷有烧焦和损坏的3级火花是不允许运行的。
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电力机车升弓做高压试验前,必须确认各高压室和地沟内无人后方可进行。高压试验升、降弓,必须按规定鸣笛和呼唤应答后方可进行,以保证人身安全。
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闸瓦压力大,制动力也大。但闸瓦压力不能过大,否则使机车、车辆易产生滑行。
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机车运行中,由于弹簧的振动,动轴载荷产生不均和变化以及线路状态与线路坡道的大小等原因,均会致使机车粘着重量发生变化。
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货物列车起动前压缩一部分车辆的车钩,发车时使列车中的车辆逐辆起动,再加上各车钩缓冲弹簧的伸张力,就会使列车起动变得顺利、轻便。
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凡是不压缩车钩能够起动的,不一定要强调压缩车钩。
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列车施行常用制动时,自阀减压排风未停止,不应追加减压或缓解列车制动。
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为防止列车断钩,运行途中制动调速,严禁未排完风施行缓解,列车未完全缓解就加速。
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为防止列车断钩,运行途中货物列车惰力运行后,再加速不得过快,避免车钩拉伸过猛。
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一次追加减压量超过初次减压量,会使列车制动力急剧增加,不利于平稳操纵。
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电空制动机的最大优点是全列车能迅速实现制动和缓解作用,且列车前、后动作一致性好,适用于高速旅客列车和长大货物列车。
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在我国铁路车辆上均装有手动制动机,用于空气制动机故障时以及调车作业、坡道停留时的制动。
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截断塞门关闭的车辆(简称“关门车”)无空气制动作用。编入列车的关门车数以及关门车在列车中所处位置限制须符合《技规》规定。
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所谓灵敏度就是制动机的感度,它是评价车辆制动机性能的主要指标之一。
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