【填空题】
24104.___CSMA 的 1-坚持退避算法缺点是介质的利用率较低。
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24105.___令牌访问原理可用于环形网络,构成令牌环形网;也可用于总线网,构成令牌总线网络。
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24106.___CAN 总线在传输距离为 10Km 时,其最大传输速率可达 1Mbps。
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24107.___标准格式的 CAN 报文标识符___可达 2048 个。
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24108.___CAN 总线数据帧的数据长度码 DLC 指明数据场的字节数目,为 4 位,允许的数据字节数目为 0,1,……,14,15。
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24109.___CAN 总线数据帧中参与 CRC 计算的有帧起始、仲裁场、控制场、数据场,不包括填充位。
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24110.___CAN 总线远程帧不存在数据场,所以 DLC 的数值应永远被设置为 0。
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24111.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线中,实例 ID 值 0 表示类本身。
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24112.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线中,一个 I/O 报文中数据的含义被相应的连接 ID 隐含。
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24113.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线中,一个显式报文的含义/预期用途是在 CAN 数据场中被指明的。
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24114.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线中,当一个连接被建立时,终点使用一个报文 ID 与 MAC.ID结合来产生一个连接 ID。
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24115.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线的组 1、组 2、组 3、组 4 报文中,优先级最高的是组 4报文。
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24116.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线中,组 3 报文 ID 值 7 无效,不被使用。
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24117.___在 DeviceNet 现场总线中,一个设备有且仅有一个 DeviceNet 对象。
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24118.___在 ControlNet 现场总线中,根据数据编码规则,MAC_ND 符号由于在整个码元时间内没有电平跳变,违反曼彻斯特编码规则,故不使用。
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24119.___在 EtherNet/IP 中,无论何时使用 UDP 来发送一个封装报文,整个报文都应在一个独立的 UDP 数据包中被发送。
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24120.___ 委托开发的一个关键问题是要解决技术人员与企业的业务人员之间的沟通问题。
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24121.___以信息资源的开发与利用为中心的信息管理强调以计算机技术为核心,以管理信息系统为主要阵地,以解决大量数据处理和检索问题为主要任务。
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24122.___根据信息技术扩散模型,在集成阶段,企业通过总结经验教训,开始认识到运用系统的方法,从总体出发,全面规划,进行信息系统的建设与改造。
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24123.___对于企业信息化的发展阶段,不同的学者有不同的论述,建立了不同的模型。比较著名的模型有两个,一个是世界银行报告中提出的信息技术的扩散模型,另一个是诺兰模型。
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24124.___战略目标集转化法虽然也首先强调目标,但它没有明显的目标导引过程。它通过识别企业“过程”引出了系统目标,企业目标到系统目标的转换是通过企业过程/数据类矩阵的分 析得到的。
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24125.___生命周期法按用户至上的原则,严格区分工作阶段,整个开发过程工程化。
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24126.___原型法充分利用最新的软件工具很快形成原型。一方面,将系统调查、系统分析、系统设计三个阶段融为一体,缩短了开发周期。
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24127.___在管理信息系统的分析过程中,通过制作业务过程和数据的 U/C 矩阵可以帮助我们合理划分系统逻辑功能___。
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24128.___对于企业来说管理信息系统只存在有无的问题,并无优劣之分。
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24129.___管理信息系统纯粹是一个技术系统,人的作用只是微乎其微。
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24130.___管理信息系统由信息的采集、信息的传递、信息的储存、信息的加工、信息的维护和信息的使用五个方面组成。
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24131.___管理信息系统从概念上看由四大部件组成:信息源、信息处理器、信息用户和信息管理者。
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24132.___管理信息系统能提供信息,具有支持企业或组织的运行、管理和记录功能。
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24133.___管理信息系统很难实测企业的各种运行情况。
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24134.___管理信息系统的特点是必须通过传统物流服务方式才能实现信息传递。
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24135.___在信息管理中, 信息和数据是两个在概念上有所区别的术语,所以任何时候针对任何对象,信息和数据都是绝对而言的,不能混淆。
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24136.___在对这些信息的加工中,按处理功能的高低可把加工分为预加工、综合分析和决策处理。
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24137.___许多企业都能从记录到的客户销售数据中经过仔细分析得到潜在的客户需求并极力追求进一步的市场份额,这说明了信息系统可以改进企业的生产销售方式。
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24138.___ 管理信息系统是仅仅服务于管理控制层的信息系统,所以从广义上,MIS 对各个子系统具有管理、控制、计划的功能。
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24139.___根据诺兰模型,在信息管理阶段,信息系统面向企业整个管理层次,从低层的事务处理到高层的预测与决策都能提供信息支持。
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24140.___ 划分时应同时遵循两点原则:沿对角线一个接一个地画小方块,即不能重叠, 又不能漏掉任何一个数据和过程;小方块的划分是任意的,但必须将所有的“C”元素都包含在小方块内。
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24141.___对于有关产品和服务的活动在定义企业过程时应收集有关资料,和有经验的管理人员讨论、分析、研究,确定企业战略规划和管理控制方面的过程。
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24142.___由 E-R 图导出关系数据模型时,如两实体间是 1:n 联系,应把一方实体的关键字纳入另一方实体的关系中,同时把联系的属性也一并纳入另一方的关系中。
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24143.___项目质量管理是指为使项目能达到用户满意的预先规定的质量要求和标准所进行的一系列管理与控制工作。包括进行质量规划,安排质量保证措施,设定质量控制点,对每项活动进行质量检查和控制等。
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24144.___信息加密技术在加密和解密过程中,都要涉及信息、规则和密钥三项内容。
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