【单选题】
胎膜早破的后果是___
A. 早产
B. 感染
C. 母体活动受限
D. 脐带脱垂
E. 胎儿宫内窘迫
查看试卷,进入试卷练习
微信扫一扫,开始刷题
答案
D
解析
暂无解析
相关试题
【单选题】
关于妇女一生各阶段的生理变化,下列说法正确的是___
A. 卵巢激素减少至不能引起子宫内膜脱落出血,最后一次经期过后停经1年以上称为绝经
B. 第二性征的出现,标志着青春期开始
C. 月经初潮标志着卵巢功能的成熟,为性成熟的开始
D. 更年期一般历时3年
E. 幼年期儿童体格及内、外生殖器同时发育
【单选题】
有关骨盆,下列陈述错误的是___
A. 骨盆入口平面即真假骨盆分界面
B. 骨盆入口平面呈横椭圆形
C. 中骨盆平面为骨盆最小平面
D. 中骨盆横径大于前后径
E. 出口平面由两个不同平面的三角形组成
【单选题】
在孕妇腹壁上听诊,除听到胎心外,还可听到___
A. 腹主动脉音
B. 脐带杂音
C. 子宫杂音
D. 胎动杂音
E. 羊水流动音
【单选题】
后穹窿穿刺下列哪项是对的___
A. 仰卧位,用4号针头
B. 坐卧位,用5号针头
C. 膀胱截石位,使用9号针头
D. 侧卧位,用12号针头
E. 随意卧位,几号针头都可以
【单选题】
葡萄胎、侵蚀性葡萄胎和绒毛膜癌共有的临床表现是___
A. 妊高征
B. 阴道流血
C. 腹痛
D. 子宫增大
E. 咯血
【单选题】
某初产妇,26岁,孕41周,因臀位行臀牵引术。胎儿娩出后5分钟突发阴道大量出血,约400ml,检查血压100/60mmHg,脉搏100次/分,宫底脐平。此时最适宜的护理措施是___
A. 静脉点滴催产素
B. 检查软产道有无损伤
C. 做好人工剥离胎盘术准备
D. 按摩子宫
E. 纱布填塞宫腔
【单选题】
妊娠期总血容量平均增加___
A. 20%~30%
B. 15%~30%
C. 20%~40%
D. 30%~40%
E. 10%~20%
【单选题】
关于阴道壁的描述,下列错误的是___
A. 阴道黏膜为复层鳞状上皮
B. 阴道壁富有静脉丛,局部损伤易形成血肿
C. 阴道上皮富有腺体,故妇女常有白带多的症状
D. 阴道黏膜受卵巢激素的影响,有周期性变化
E. 阴道壁有很多横纹皱襞,外覆有弹力纤维,故有很大的伸展力
【单选题】
关于孕产期保健,以下正确的是___
A. 产褥期是产妇分娩后生殖器宫恢复功能的时期
B. 围生期是对母体进行监护的医学保健
C. 科学接生可提高产科质量
D. 孕期检查从妊娠28周始
E. 分娩属于生理过程
【单选题】
产妇产后消化系统的变化是___
A. 胃酸分泌增多,胃蠕动减慢
B. 胃酸分泌减少,胃蠕动减慢
C. 胃酸分泌正常,胃蠕动减慢
D. 胃酸分泌增多,胃蠕动增快
E. 胃酸分泌正常,胃蠕动增快
【单选题】
患者,女,27岁,结婚2年,自然流产3次。宫腔镜检查可见双侧输卵管开口,宫底部向内突出。最可能的诊断是___
A. 双角子宫
B. 纵隔子宫
C. 单角子宫
D. 残角子宫
E. 黏膜下子宫肌瘤
【单选题】
关于胎膜早破的护理,下列哪项是错误的___
A. 破膜后立即听胎心
B. 卧床休息,防止脐带脱垂
C. 保持会阴清洁
D. 可下地活动
E. 破膜后注意体温、脉搏及呼吸变化
【单选题】
不协调性子宫收缩乏力的宫缩特点是___
A. 收缩强度低,具有协调性
B. 收缩力强,具有协调性
C. 收缩过强且持续,无节律性放松
D. 收缩极性倒置,间歇期子宫肌肉不能完全放松
E. 子宫上下段交界处子宫环形肌不协调性过强收缩
【单选题】
围生期是指___
A. 自妊娠26周末至产后14天
B. 自妊娠28周末至产后7天
C. 自妊娠28周末至产后14天
D. 自妊娠26周末至产后7天
E. 自妊娠27周末至产后14天
【单选题】
某孕妇,32岁,目前孕36周出现头痛伴视物不清2天。今晨头痛加剧,恶心、呕吐1次,随后剧烈抽搐约1分钟渐清醒即急诊入院。即刻测血压180/120mmHg,胎心140次/分,有不规律子宫收缩。肛查:羊膜未破,子宫口未开,骨盆测量均正常。对该孕妇的护理措施正确的是___
A. 安置于明亮房间
B. 听轻音乐
C. 取头高侧卧位
D. 每日听胎心一次
E. 留置尿管
【单选题】
当决定行阴道手术助产时,为了确诊胎方位,应以哪条颅缝结合囟门检查做依据___
A. 额缝
B. 冠状缝
C. 矢状缝
D. 人字缝
E. 颞缝
【单选题】
会阴湿热敷的面积,正确的应该是病损面积的___
A. 1倍
B. 1.5倍
C. 2倍
D. 2.5倍
E. 3倍
【单选题】
女性,28岁,因婚后两年未孕就诊,下列预测排卵的方法,不准确的是___
A. 基础体温测定
B. 宫颈黏液评分
C. 测定血LH水平
D. 诊刮术取子宫内膜来做病理检查
E. B超监测卵泡发育
【单选题】
孕妇骨盆外测量数值最小的是___
A. 骶耻外径
B. 髂嵴间径
C. 髂棘间径
D. 粗隆间径
E. 坐骨结节间径
【单选题】
成年妇女子宫形态特征正确的是___
A. 重约150g
B. 下部较上部宽
C. 长度7~8cm
D. 宫体:宫颈=1:2
E. 宫腔容量约10ml
【单选题】
侵蚀性葡萄胎患者的处理原则为___
A. 进行放疗
B. 核素治疗
C. 子宫切除
D. 以化疗为主
E. 子宫及附件切除
【单选题】
产褥期异常的临床表现是___
A. 产后12小时体温37.8℃
B. 产后12小时体温37.8℃
C. 产后4天,双侧乳房胀痛明显
D. 产后3天仍血性恶露
E. 产后15天,宫底于耻上一指可及
【单选题】
有关子宫内膜周期性变化哪项是正确的___
A. 月经期、分泌期、增生期
B. 月经期、增生期、分泌期
C. 分泌期、增生期、月经期
D. 卵泡的发育与成熟、排卵、黄体形成、黄体退化
E. 卵泡的发育与成熟、黄体形成、白体、排卵
【单选题】
胎儿在出生后立即擦干体表的羊水及血迹主要是为了___
A. 清洁皮肤
B. 防止皮肤感染
C. 减少散热
D. 有利于患儿复苏
E. 便于辨认
【单选题】
某患者接触性出血半年,宫颈活检后确诊为宫颈癌I期,首选治疗方法是___
A. 放疗+激素治疗
B. 放疗
C. 化疗
D. 手术治疗
E. 激素治疗
【单选题】
ABO血型不合主要发生在___
A. 孕母B型,丈夫A型、B型、AB型
B. 孕母A型,丈夫A型、B型、AB型
C. 孕母O型,丈夫A型
D. 孕母0型,丈夫AB型
E. 孕母O型,丈夫A型、B型、AB型
【单选题】
下列有关妇科腹部手术后患者出院后的注意事项,应除外___
A. 保持良好心态,适当参加体育锻炼,避免受凉、上呼吸道感染
B. 全子宫切除术后7~14天,患者阴道可有少量粉红色分泌物,是正常现象
C. 全子宫切除术后3个月内,患者禁止性生活和盆浴
D. 异位妊娠手术2个月内,患者禁止性生活和盆浴
E. 妇科腹部手术患者手术出院后,应在1个月至1个半月去医院复查
【单选题】
羊水胎粪污染与下列哪些因素有关___
A. 胎儿肠蠕动减弱
B. 胎儿迷走神经兴奋
C. 胎儿呼吸运动减弱
D. 胎儿交感神经兴奋
E. 胎儿肛门括约肌紧缩
【单选题】
下列有关诊断性刮宫患者的术后护理措施,不正确的是___
A. 术后静卧30分钟,观察阴道流血情况
B. 术后少量流血可以持续1周
C. 保持外阴清洁
D. 避免性生活和盆浴2周
E. 遵医嘱服用抗生素
【单选题】
患者表现一般体力活动稍受限,活动后心悸、轻度气短,休息时无症状者属心功能几级___
A. Ⅰ级
B. Ⅱ级
C. Ⅲ级
D. Ⅳ级
E. V级
【单选题】
李某有习惯性痛经,护士建议她采用的最佳避孕方法是___
A. 安全期避孕法
B. 口服避孕药
C. 输卵管结扎术
D. 避孕套
E. 阴道隔膜
【单选题】
目前临床上最常用的剖宫产术是___
A. 子宫体剖宫产术
B. 腹膜外剖宫产术
C. 剖宫产子宫切除术
D. 古典式剖宫产术
E. 子宫下段剖宫产术
【单选题】
有宫缩乏力的产妇应在胎儿什么部位娩出后立即肌注缩宫素10U,并继续静脉滴注缩宫素___
A. 胎盘
B. 胎儿
C. 胎头
D. 胎肩
E. 宫口开全
【单选题】
不采用诊断性刮宫作为辅助检查的情况是___
A. 不孕症
B. 月经失调
C. 子宫异常出血
D. 宫颈癌
E. 子宫内膜癌
【单选题】
20周末胎儿发育特征为___
A. 吸吮反射良好
B. 四肢活动活泼
C. 指甲已超过指端
D. 临床上用普通听诊器可听到胎心
E. 身长25cm,皮下脂肪发育良好
【单选题】
用B超能看见胎心搏动的最早时期是___
A. 妊娠28周
B. 妊娠16周
C. 妊娠18周
D. 妊娠24周
E. 妊娠8周
【单选题】
张女士,26岁,妊娠10个月,急诊检查宫口已开4cm,需住院。住院处护士首先应___
A. 办理人院手续
B. 进行沐浴更衣
C. 进行会阴清洗
D. 让产妇步行入病区
E. 用平车送产房待产
【单选题】
下列关于臀位阴道分娩时的注意事项,哪项是错误的___
A. 临产后卧床休息
B. 少做肛门检查
C. 破膜后,立即听胎心音
D. 阴道口见胎足,为子宫颈口开全
E. 勿灌肠
【单选题】
子痫患者经治疗病情得以控制仍未临产者,应在孕妇清醒后多长时间内引产___
A. 2~4小时
B. 8~10小时
C. 12~24小时
D. 24~48小时
E. 48~72小时
【单选题】
患者,女,26岁,G2PO,孕24周,发热伴恶心、呕吐、下腹痛10小时而入院。入院后诊断为妊娠合并急性阑尾炎。对于该患者首选的治疗方案是___
A. 立即手术治疗切除阑尾,术后抗感染、保胎治疗
B. 首选广谱抗生素保守治疗,同时加用抑制宫缩的药物,尽可能不手术治疗、
C. 首选广谱抗生素保守治疗,数天后切除阑尾,术后保胎治疗
D. 立即行引产,然后行阑尾切除术
E. 立即行阑尾切除术,然后行引产
推荐试题
【单选题】
事物的联系和运动之间的关系___
A. 相互联系构成运动
B. 运动和发展引起质变
C. 发展引起运动
D. 普遍联系和永恒发展
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的总特征是___
A. 量变和质变的观点
B. 辩证否定的观点
C. 联系和发展的观点
D. 对立统一的观点
【单选题】
___
A. 事物的联系是普遍的、无条件的
B. 事物的联系是现实的、具体的
C. 事物的运动是客观的、绝对的
D. 事物发展的根本原因是事物的内部矛盾
【单选题】
“割下来的手就不再是人手”这句话体现了___
A. 形而上学片面的、孤立的观点
B. 辩证法普遍联系的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 诡辩论的观点
【单选题】
唯物辩证法认为发展的实质是___
A. 事物数量的增加
B. 事物根本性质的变化
C. 事物的一切运动变化
D. 新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡
【单选题】
区分新事物和旧事物的标志在于看它们___
A. 是不是在新的历史条件下出现的
B. 是不是符合事物发展规律、有强大生命力
C. 是不是具有新形式和新特点
D. 是不是得到绝大多数人的承认
【单选题】
质量互变规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋势
【单选题】
质和事物的存在是___
A. 相互对立的
B. 相互包含的
C. 直接同一的
D. 相互转化的
【单选题】
在实际工作中,要注意掌握分寸,防止“过”或“不及”,其关键在于___
A. 抓住事物的主要矛盾
B. 确定事物的质
C. 认识事物的量
D. 把握事物的度
【单选题】
区分量变和质变的根本标志是看___
A. 事物的变化是否显著
B. 事物的变化是否迅速
C. 事物的某些属性是否发生了变化
D. 事物的变化是否超出度的范围
【单选题】
量变的复杂性是指___
A. 量变的程度发展不同
B. 量变形式的多样性和总的量变过程中有部分质变
C. 质变中有量的扩张
D. 量变有在度的范围内的变化和突破度的范围的变化
【单选题】
量变中的阶段性部分质变表现了___
A. 事物内部各部分之间变化的不平衡性
B. 事物整体与某些构成部分之间变化的不平衡性
C. 事物与事物之间变化的不平衡性
D. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化的不平衡性
【单选题】
量变中的局部性部分质变是___
A. 事物的本质属性与非本质属性之间变化不平衡性的表现
B. 事物的各个部分之间变化不平衡性的表现
C. 事物的内部矛盾和外部条件变化不平衡性的表现
D. 事物的量和质变化不平衡性的表现
【单选题】
揭示事物发展的趋势和道路的规律是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展规律
【单选题】
“肯定和否定相互渗透,在一定意义上,肯定就是否定。”这是一种___
A. 相对主义诡辩论的观点
B. 唯物辩证法的观点
C. 主观唯心主义的观点
D. 形而上学的观点
【单选题】
事物的否定方面是指___
A. 事物的积极方面
B. 事物的消极方面
C. 事物中维持其存在的方面
D. 事物中促使其灭亡的方面
【单选题】
作为辩证的否定的“扬弃”是___
A. 既保留又继承
B. 彻底抛弃
C. 既克服又保留
D. 矛盾的调和
【单选题】
辩证的否定是事物发展的环节,因为辩证的否定___
A. 把旧事物完全抛弃
B. 使旧事物发生量变
C. 是新事物产生、旧事物灭亡
D. 是从外部强加给事物的
【单选题】
否定之否定规律___
A. 在事物完成一个发展周期时才能完整地表现出来
B. 在事物发展过程中任何一点上都可以表现出来
C. 在事物经过量变和质变两种状态后表现出来
D. 在事物发展过程中经过肯定和否定两个阶段表现出来
【单选题】
事物发展的周期性体现了___
A. 事物发展的直线性与曲折性的统一
B. 事物发展是一个不断地回到出发点的运动
C. 事物发展的周而复始的循环性
D. 事物发展的前进性和曲折性的统一
【单选题】
直线论的错误在于只看到___
A. 事物发展的周期性而否认了前进性
B. 事物发展的前进性而否认了曲折性
C. 事物发展的间接性而否认了连续性
D. 事物发展的曲折性而否认了周期性
【单选题】
循环论的错误在于___
A. 只看到事物发展的普遍性,没有看到事物发展过程的特殊性
B. 只看到事物的绝对运动,没有看到事物的相对静止
C. 只看到事物发展道路的曲折性,没有看到事物发展趋势的前进性
D. 只看到新旧事物之间的连续性,没有看到新旧事物之间的间断性
【单选题】
对立统一规律揭示了___
A. 事物发展的动力和源泉
B. 事物发展的状态和过程
C. 事物发展的方向和道路
D. 事物发展的两种趋向
【单选题】
唯物辩证法的实质和核心是___
A. 对立统一规律
B. 质量互变规律
C. 否定之否定规律
D. 联系和发展的规律
【单选题】
辩证法所说的矛盾是指___
A. 人们思维中的前后不一的自相矛盾
B. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的对立统一
C. 对立面之间的相互排斥
D. 事物之间或事物内部各要素之间的相互依赖
【单选题】
矛盾的基本属性是___
A. 普遍性和特殊性
B. 绝对性和相对性
C. 变动性和稳定性
D. 斗争性和同一性
【单选题】
依据是___
A. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性辩证关系的原理
B. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性辩证关系的原理
C. 事物发展的量变和质变辩证关系的原理
D. 事物发展的内因和外因辩证关系的原理
【单选题】
矛盾问题的精髓是___
A. 矛盾的普遍性和特殊性关系的问题
B. 矛盾的同一性和斗争性关系的问题
C. 主要矛盾和次要矛盾关系的问题
D. 矛盾的主要方面和次要方面关系的问题
【单选题】
题的方法都是___
A. 重点论
B. 均衡论
C. 一点论
D. 两点论
【单选题】
“任何个别(无论怎样)都是一般”。这句话的正确含义是___
A. 特殊性就是普遍性
B. 特殊性存在于普遍性之中
C. 普遍性是特殊性的总和
D. 特殊性中包含普遍性
【单选题】
在唯物辩证法看来,水果同苹果、梨、香蕉、桔子等的关系是___
A. 共性和个性的关系
B. 整体和部分的关系
C. 本质和现象的关系
D. 内容和形式的关系
【单选题】
“是就是是,不是就是不是,除此之外都是鬼话。”这是一种___
A. 形而上学的观点
B. 相对主义的观点
C. 唯心主义的观点
D. 辩证法的观点
【单选题】
真象和假象的区别在于___
A. 真象是客观的,假象是主观的
B. 真象表现本质,假象不表现本质
C. 真象深藏于事物内部,假象外露于事物外部
D. 真象从正面直接地表现本质,假象从反面歪曲地表现本质
【单选题】
有的哲学家说,在大风扬起的尘土中,每一粒尘土的运动状况都是纯粹必然的。这是种___
A. 辩证唯物主义决定论的观点
B. 形而上学的机械决定论的观点
C. 唯心主义非决定论的观点
D. 庸俗唯物主义的观点
【单选题】
“或然率”是指___
A. 可能性在质上的一种科学说明和测定
B. 可能性在量上的一种科学说明和测定
C. 必然性的一种科学说明和判定
D. 偶然性的一种科学说明和测定
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?___
A. It is based on questionable statistics.
B. It reflects the economic changes.
C. It evidences the improved welfare.
D. It provides much food for thought.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.
B. It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C. It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.
D. It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?___
A. It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.
B. It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.
C. It covered up the differences between individual citizens.
D. It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?___
A. It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.
B. It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.
C. It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D. It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.
【单选题】
Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago? In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income. While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare. Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly. Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates. What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?___
A. It is much better than that of their European counterparts.
B. It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.
C. It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.
D. It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.